Planning Health Promotion Programs

Louis XIV: his domestic and foreign policies Essay

Louis XIV endeavored overwhelmingly for matchless quality in outside undertakings. He was to utilize his international strategy to set up a widespread government for himself or on the other hand to utilize it to make sure about normal boondocks for France along these lines improving its barriers. He worked effectively to make an absolutist and incorporated state. During his reign Louis was associated with four significant wars, some of which Louis might be responsible as the provocateur; in any case, I accept that predominantly his thought processes were simply guarded. The war of Devolution filled in as an appearance which vexed him a player in Flanders, in spite of the fact that the Dutch at that point moved against him with the Triple Alliance. Louis was resolved to pound Holland and this started the third of the Dutch wars, which drained his treasury. Louis demonstrated an extraordinarily excessive high-roller, administering immense aggregates of cash to fund the illustrious cour t. The accompanying ten years the ruler restricted his approaches to strategy. Louis proceeded the nobility’s exception from charges however constrained its part into budgetary reliance to the crown and the commonplace nobles likewise lost political force. Louis has a certifiable worry for his nation and in spite of his questionable techniques he manages to make sure about the domains that he wishes to make sure about. He reduced neighborhood specialists and made specific services. Louis’s grandson held the Spanish seat yet the war of Spanish Succession left France in extraordinary obligation and a debilitated military. Louis utilized the bourgeoisie to construct his brought together organization. He delineated new managerial strategies to make him more in charge. Louis’s general Colbert attempted to improve the French economy. Colbert attempted to make an ideal parity of exchange and increment France’s provincial possessions. He accomplished a notoriety for his work of improving the province of French assembling and bringing the economy once more from the edge of chapter 11. He paid off the national obligation through progressively effective tax assessment. His central tax assessment gadgets incorporated the associates, the douanes, the gabelle, and the taille. Louis spent such a lot of cash on extravagance and wars; France really turned out to be progressively devastated. The forceful and artful execution of Louis’s strategies naturally convinced those compromised by it that the king’s aim was expansionist and his goals boundless. There had been demonstrations of needless savagery also which underlined the self-importance and mercilessness of French lead. Taking everything into account it appears that before the finish of his reign the wars had set him in a solid and secure situation in Europe yet his aim was not entirelyâ for greatness.

Personality Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PD-NOS)

Personality Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PD-NOS) BPD Diagnosis Print Personality Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PD-NOS) By Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychology at Eastern Connecticut State University. Learn about our editorial policy Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 18, 2019 Mario Pucic/Moment/Getty Images More in BPD Diagnosis Treatment Living With BPD Related Conditions Personality disorder not otherwise specified (PD-NOS), also referred to as personality disorder NOS was a diagnostic category in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV-TR). This diagnostic category was reserved for a clinically significant problem in personality functioning that did not fit into any of the other existing personality disorder categories. Changes in Personality Disorder NOS in DSM-5 In the new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5), personality disorder not otherwise specified has been replaced by personality disorderâ€"trait specified (PD-TS). This diagnosis is given when you have the characteristics of a personality disorder, but you dont fully meet the criteria for any specific one. You may even have a variety of symptoms of several different personality disorders. Types and Features of Personality Disorders Personality disorders are characterized by thinking and feeling about yourself and others in a way that causes significant impairment to your everyday functioning and relationships. There are ten personality disorders listed in DSM-5. They include: Borderline Personality Disorder   This disorder is characterized by turbulent relationships with others, paranoid thinking, a deep-rooted and extreme fear of abandonment, emotional instability, impulsive behaviors and an unstable sense of self.   Paranoid Personality Disorder   People with a paranoid personality disorder may be socially isolated, hostile, have a constant worry that others have ulterior motives, expect people to use them for their own means and have trouble working and getting along with others. Avoidant Personality Disorder If you have an avoidant personality disorder, you may be very shy, easily hurt, see yourself as not as good as everyone else, avoid situations or jobs that force you to be in contact with others, not open up in romantic relationships and blow situations out of proportion. Schizoid Personality Disorder This disorder may be related to schizophrenia but is not as severe. People with this disorder may be emotionally unavailable, distant, appear aloof and tend to isolate themselves from others. They have no desire for close relationships, even with family members. Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Not to be mistaken for obsessive-compulsive disorder  (OCD), which is an anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) does have many of the same features as OCD. One of the main differences between the two is that in OCD, people have thoughts they dont want and in OCPD, people believe their thoughts are correct. This disorder features a rigid adherence to rules and/or lists, perfectionism, an inability to be flexible, generous or show affection and being obsessed with work. Antisocial Personality Disorder Antisocial personality disorder involves behavior that is often criminal. People with this disorder tend to manipulate, not care about others safety, lie, steal, fight, be angry, have no remorse for their actions, violate others rights, be charming, engage in substance abuse, break the law and use other people for their own benefit. Histrionic Personality Disorder If you have histrionic personality disorder, you are likely able to function well in life. This disorder involves needing to be the center of attention and engaging in intense emotional drama to do so. Other symptoms are having a hard time dealing with criticism, blaming others for failure, extreme worry about what others think, impulsive behavior, being overly concerned about your looks and always needing approval and/or reassurance.   Narcissistic Personality Disorder In narcissistic personality disorder, people have an inflated sense of themselves and their importance, are unable to empathize with others and focus almost entirely on themselves and what they want and need. Schizotypal Personality Disorder Unlike people with schizophrenia, if you have schizotypal personality disorder (SPD), you are in touch with reality and usually dont experience hallucinations  or delusions. Symptoms of SPD include having strange beliefs and/or fears, being uncomfortable in social situations, not having close friends, having an unusual appearance or behavior and being unable to express your feelings appropriately. Dependent Personality Disorder This disorder is characterized by being too dependent on others for your physical and/or emotional needs. Symptoms include not wanting to be alone, not being able to make independent decisions, being unable to express disagreement, becoming passive in interpersonal relationships, excessive caring about what others think, worry about being abandoned and an inability to deal with criticism or disapproval.

Prostitution And Sexual Relations With Prostitution

Introduction Prostitution could start at any age, depending on the reason why it began. About 40% of prostitutes are former child prostitutes who were illegally forced into the profession through human trafficking or once were teenage runaways (sex-crime.laws.com). There is no need for an education and the amount of money received is something unbelievable. Prostitution is the act of engaging in a promiscuous sexual relations with someone for money. Prostitution is also known as the â€Å"Worlds oldest profession† according to the Huffington Post (Kolodny). Prostitutes can make anywhere between $5,000 per week (the average in Kansas City) to $32,833 per week (in Atlanta) according to the Huffington Post (Kolodny). In most of the United States†¦show more content†¦Statement of the Problem Becoming a prostitute comes with many different obstacles. Being a prostitute damages you mentally and physically. Mentally it could affect how someone feels about themselves. Accord ing to Tahlia Perry in her article Prostitution: A Problem of Equality, Dignity and Integrity prostituted women experience feelings of numbness, shock, fear, loss of control, nightmares, depression, anger, desensitization, shame and guilt (Perry). All these problems could cause a life time of daily problems and how one reacts to social interaction. With saying that mental illness could cause dissociation which occurs during extreme stress among prisoners of war who are tortured, among children who are sexually assaulted, and among women who are battered, raped, or prostituted also dissociation, depression, and other mood disorders are common among prostituted women in street, escort, and strip club prostitution according to Melissa Farley, PhD, Founding Director of the Prostitution Research and Education (Farley). With all the side effects from being a prostitutes it could cause addiction. According to Janice G. Raymond crack cocaine and alcohol were used most frequently during pro stitution (Raymond). With all the mental tolls a prostitute could go through it could push them to their furthest limit. Women in prostitution are also at special risk for self-mutilation, suicide and homicide as stated

A Book Report on Slaughterhouse-Five by Kurt Vonnegut

1. Major Characters of the Novel a. Billy Pilgrim is the person that the book is written around. We follow him, perhaps not in a straight order, from his youth joining the military to his abduction on the alien planet of Tralmalfadore, to his older age at his 1960s home in Illum. It is his experiences and journeys that we follow, and his actions we read about. However, Billy had a specific lack of character for a main one. He is not heroic, he has very little personality traits, let alone an immersive and complex character. Most of the story is written around his experiences that seem more like symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder from his World War Two days, combined with hallucinations after a brain injury in a near-fatal plane†¦show more content†¦2. The central conflict of this book is Billy coming to terms with the unfortunate events happening around him, and facing this character versus world scenario of everything and everyone always being against him in some way or another. Billy sees so much suffering and so much death. He is blamed for the death of Ronald Weary, which is not his fault. He witnesses the Dresden Firebombing, and has an overall uneventful blain life to begin with. Billy needs to find a way to cope with this unbearable pressure, and whether or not the Tralmalfadorians are real, their message is real to Billy. The philosophy they present is the excuse Billy needs to justify all the wrong he sees around him. The Tralmalfadorian belief being that there is no free will, and that you timeline is fact, and that you simply experience death, but continue â€Å"existing† afterwards. Essentially, you always exist and what happens to you is predetermined fate. This allows Billy to pass on all of the death and misery around him as meant to be. He can rest assured knowing that there is nothing he could about anything in the past, present, or future. There was nothing he could have done or can do to stop the death and torture, weather it is the death of his wife , the firebombing in Dresden, or even his own death. This motivation-less philosophy is his resolution to his devastating conflict, and is directly responsible for his lack of action throughout the story. 3.Show MoreRelatedKurt Vonnegut s Slaughterhouse Five Essay1905 Words   |  8 PagesKurt Vonnegut reflects his life during World War II as a German prisoner through his character Billy Pilgrim in the novel Slaughterhouse-Five. While enlisted in the US Army, Vonnegut had life threatening experiences that were inspiration for his writing. Vonnegut was a young boy during the Great Depression and was raised through the hardships of the time. As a child, Vonnegut’s father worked as an architect, but during the Great Depression, the building industry was brought to a halt and Vonnegut’sRead MoreSlaughterhouse Five By Kurt Vonnegut1050 Words   |  5 PagesLauren Farrell Mrs. Worthington AP ELA 4 30 November 2014 Free Will Through his novel, Slaughterhouse Five, Kurt Vonnegut poses an ancient question: Are we masters of our destiny, or are we simply pawns of fate? The medium through which Mr. Vonnegut presents this riddle is death. Death is the central point to which all action in the book connects. The story is primarily about the death of 135,000 German civilians in the bombing of Dresden narrated by Billy Pilgrim, a man who experiences death fromRead MoreKurt Vonneguts Tragic Path to Success1128 Words   |  5 PagesKurt Vonnegut, was born on November 11, 1922 in Indianapolis, Indiana, to American-German parents Kurt Vonnegut (Sr.), and Edith Vonnegut. Vonnegut had an older brother, Bernard and an older sister, Alice. Vonnegut graduated from Shortridge High School in Indianapolis in 1940 and went to Cornell University later that fall. Though he majored in chemistry, he was Assistant Managing Editor and Associate Editor of the Cornell newspaper. While at Cornell, Vonnegut enlisted in the United Sta tes Army. TheRead MoreKurt Vonnegut s Slaughterhouse Five, Billy Pilgrim Question913 Words   |  4 Pageswant to forget about it. Kurt Vonnegut abjects this illusion of free will in his novel by his use in ‘characters’ and having free will. In Slaughterhouse-five, Billy Pilgrim question the Tralfamadorians, â€Å"Why me?† Their response is simply, â€Å"†¦There is no why.† The Tralfamodorians exemplify the role of â€Å"the other† that marks free will as a distinctly a human characteristic. Billy use’s this as a means to cope with the reality that pain and suffering is a guarantee. Vonnegut repetition of the phraseRead MoreThe Life and Writings of Kurt Vonnegut Essay2248 Words   |  9 PagesKurt Vonnegut is celebrated as one of the most successful novelist in the Post-Second World War period in the America. His literary works have had varied impacts on American culture, including the use of the word â€Å"karass† amongst coll ege students, the naming of the pop groups â€Å"Ice Nine Kills† and â€Å"The Billy Pilgrims†, and the frequent use of the term â€Å"So it goes† as written in Vonnegut’s obituary on the New York Times (Farrell, p.ix). This article examines the impacts of Vonnegut’s on his literaryRead MoreThe Slaughterhouse Five Novel By Kurt Vonnegut1366 Words   |  6 Pages The Slaughterhouse Five novel, is a fictional and nonfictional delight all clashed into one. The author, Kurt Vonnegut, amazingly combines a fictional character’s life with the nonfictional influence of what Kurt himself had experienced. As well as major topics being debated on and dealt with today. Billy Pilgrim takes hold of the story’s main protagonist as a prisoner of war during the Dresden raids in eastern Germany. While reading, I found many relationships in the novel to common concerns, suchRead MoreSlaughterhouse Five: A Warning Against War Essay1716 Words   |  7 PagesKurt Vonneguts novel Slaughterhouse-Five; or The Childrens Crusade: A Duty-Dance with Death is, as suggested by the title, a novel describing a crusade that stretches beyond the faint boundaries of fiction and crosses over into the depths of defogged reality. This satirical, anti-war piece of literature aims to expose, broadcast and even taunt human ideals that support war and challenge them in light of their folly. However, the reality of war, the destruction, affliction and trauma it encompassesRead MoreEssay on Kurt Vonneguts Slaughterhouse-Five2118 Words   |  9 PagesSlaughterhousefive Slaughterhouse-Five, by Kurt Vonnegut, Jr., was written as a general statement against all wars. Vonnegut focuses on the shock and outrage over the havoc and destruction man is capable of wreaking in the name of what he labels a worthy cause, while learning to understand and accept these horrors and ones feelings about them. Through his character, Billy Pilgrim, he conveys not only these feelings and emotions, but also the message that we must exercise our free will to alterRead MoreFeatures of Metafiction and Well Known Writers of the Genre Essay3025 Words   |  13 Pagesto try and (re) present this world using narrative techniques (or artistic techniques)† (Thaninayagam 12). Historiographic metafiction is an offshoot of postmodern art form. The term historiographic metafiction was coined by Linda Hutcheon in her book A Poetics of Postmodernism : History, Theory, Fiction. According to Linda, historiographic metafictions are â€Å"those well-known and popular novels which are both intensely self-reflective and yet paradoxically also lay claim to historical events andRead MorePostmodernism: The Movement in Life Essay1263 Words   |  6 Pagesinformation, the organization of knowledge, and the establishment of cultural practices† (Taylor 1). Putting both things together gives a short and brief summary of what postmodernism means. The publication of Catch-22, Lost in the Funhouse, Slaughterhouse Five and Gravity’s Rainbow in the 60s and 70s, points to the peak of postmodernism (statemaster.com). Playfulness combined with irony and black humor may be the most identifiable aspects of the postmodern movement. Using playfulness and irony may

What Did I Learn about Cell and DNA Free Essays

A cell is both the smallest as well as the most important unit of every living being, plant or animal. There are specialized cells in the body which carry out different functions. However, all cells are the same in that they all have a plasma membrane to protect them and determine what enters the cell and what leaves the cell. We will write a custom essay sample on What Did I Learn about Cell and DNA? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Inside the plasma membrane is the cytoplasm, a gelatinous mixture made up of water, fats, proteins, sugar, and other minerals. Most of the cell’s metabolism occurs in the cytoplasm where what are called the organelles work together to perform the metabolism. The nucleus is in the center of the cell. It controls the cell’s operations, such as directing cell division and determining the function of the cell. Only eukaryotic cells have a nucleus. The nucleus contains chromosomes, rod-shaped structures in the nucleus that contain genes, or regions of DNA. Within the cell is a reticulum, or network, of canals to manufacture proteins for the cell to use called the endoplasmic reticulum. Large proteins are made from smaller proteins, a process called anabolism which takes place on the ribosomes of the endoplasmic reticulum. Also in the cytoplasm is the mitochondria, known as the power plants of the cell where foods are burned to release energy in the presence of oxygen. This organelle is where ATP is made. This chemical process is known as catabolism. Together with anabolism they are combined to make the process of metabolism. There are two kinds of endoplasmic reticulum, rough and smooth. The rough ER has thousands of ribosomes attached to it, and the smooth ER does not have any ribosomes because it does not make any protein. Another organelle is called a Golgi body. This is where the enzymes in a Golgi body work to make the proteins and lipids either assemble or break down the lipids or the carbohydrates. Proteins are transported in what is called a vesicle from the ER and are changed to their final form. From there they are either carried to the plasma membrane or the lysosomes. A lysosome is a vesicle that is in charge of digestion. They are filled with enzymes that easily break down many proteins, carbohydrates, and much debris. Cells are different in their functions and their shapes as well. However, all cells whether plant or animal, are the most important unit of every living thing. Every cell contains a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and organelles which carry out the functions of that cell. Only eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, a double membrane where the DNA is located. The organelles of a cell work together to  perform metabolism, the combination of anabolism and catabolism. How to cite What Did I Learn about Cell and DNA?, Papers

What is the Purpose of Environmental Law Essay Example

What is the Purpose of Environmental Law Paper Significant developments in environmental law can be traced back to the 1800s; and dealt largely with public health concerns initially. [1]Only since the 1970s however, has ‘environmental law’ as a separate concept formed to tackle the objective of ‘sustainable development’. [2]Common law too has played an equally vital part in between these developments. [3]Indeed, the purpose of environmental laws from 1800s to present has shifted. [4]This shift in purpose shall be discussed, but firstly, taking into considerations the definitions of ‘purpose’,[5] ‘environment’,[6] and‘law’[7] ; the question shall be interpreted to ask – what the intention of the values are in law and policy,concerning the air, land, and water. Victorianenvironmental law reflected very muchthe concerns of ‘nuisances’[8] to public health. Industrialisation only accentuated these concerns within popular values and provisions were taken to intentionally rid the people of such ‘nuisance’. An early example of this creeping concern is the Factories Act 1833. [9]Victorians had mere appreciation of‘nuisance’. What would be considered as pollution in modern perspective was seen as an indicator of prosperity in Victorian Britain. [10] Nevertheless, public health concerns materialised in environmental ‘nuisance’ law. To illustrate, the Smoke Abatement (Metropolitan) Act 1853[11]provided for the control of the nuisances from smokes and vapours in the air – dangerous to human health. Similarly, the Alkali Act 1863[12] intended to place regulation on the condensing of corrosive Muriatic Acid in Alkali Factories – dangerous to public health; so as to limit its ‘nuisance’ to the public. We will write a custom essay sample on What is the Purpose of Environmental Law specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on What is the Purpose of Environmental Law specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on What is the Purpose of Environmental Law specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Therefore, Victorian environmental law, despite being slow to recognise environmental significance, intended to limit the damage of these ‘nuisances’; more to the public that to the environment per se. Later, in common law, ‘mere nuisance’ transformed to actual concern for the environment itself. There was a change of opinion from tackling pollution that was already present, to trying to prevent the emergence of any new sources in the first place. As an example,the English Law, House of Lords case Rylands v Fletcher[13]will be examined. In this case it was established that if a man’s nuisances spread to another’s land, he would be strictly liable for the damage caused to the others land. Thus, these preventative measures established precedent to control citizens from creating new pollution through fear of civil action. In addition to this,the later House of Lords case of Hunter v Canary Wharf Limited[14] followed the ‘Rylands rule’ in that ‘nuisance’ (or pollution) would have legal causation to land damage only. Apparently so, this controlling intention in common law protected the environment from damage but was perhaps somewhat unfair to the private citizen in some cases. To illustrate this, if a man had suffered loss as a result of harm caused by another nuisance he would be unlikely to receive damages for example his property as in Canadian High Court case of Bottoni v Henderson. [15]Later, statutory reform wouldbe needed to proportionate and protect both environmental, as well as private interest. [16] Therefore, the purpose of environmental law developed to protective the environment more than the public as it once did in the past; despite perhaps being disproportionate in some circumstances. In post-war Britain this intention to protect the environmentcontinues[17]but, particularly after 1972 toward the principle of ‘sustainable development’;as defined by the Bruntland Report of 1987. [18] It is arguably the main purpose of environmental law today. [19]Perhaps an unsubstantiated claim, it has been argued that the principle in fact ‘†¦plac[es] human†¦ interests above†¦ environmental protection’;[20]overlooking that it intends tolimit the impact of human population on world ecosystems. [21] The Brundtland report has been criticised to say that its breadth is difficult to be incorporated into policy. [22]This is apparent in the UK up until around the mid 1990s. [23] Despite this, there has been significant intention to incorporate sustainable development; the Climate Change (Scotland) Act 2009 has done particularly well at this. [24] However, it should be asked how effective our sustainability policy really is. The Sustainable Development Commission – the policy advisor for the UK and Scottish Government is to be shut down. [25]Furthermore, this closure has been openly criticised by its commissioners. [26] The intention therefore of environmental law in modern Britain is to pursue sustainable development; all be it not realised yet in policy. In conclusion, the purpose of environmental law was once public protection, manifested by popular concern, gradually achieved through statue. In addition, later common law provided a good effort to purpose pollution prevention. Now, from international cooperation it now pursues sustainable development, if somewhat ineffective at doing so.

A Euphemism Study on Language Deviation Essays

A Euphemism Study on Language Deviation Essays A Euphemism Study on Language Deviation Paper A Euphemism Study on Language Deviation Paper CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1. 1Background Language is a medium of communication that allows people to share things one to another as well as to express their communicative needs (Wardhaugh, 1997:07). As a social creature, human needs a tool called language to communicate to others. In communication, participants are given chance to share information and belief, exchange ideas and feelings, make plans and solve problems. Every language can create new words to describe new situation and objects. Therefore, it is not surprising that all language can change through time. However they change at different rates, at different times in response to new social, cultural, and environmental situations. The number of terms related to particular topic also may be greater or smaller depending on such social factors. The cultural environment that people grow up in can also have surprising effects on how they interpret the world around them. Language can be used according to the situation and the context where the communication takes place. In formal situation, people must use standard language, written or oral. On the contrary, people use informal language to communicate in an informal situation. It can be said that the use of language as a medium of interaction deals with who speaks, what language, to whom, when and to what end (Fishman in Chaer, 2004:15). Each language contains two systems, a system of sounds and a system of meanings. In relation to human development, however, most human languages in use now, have sounds, meaning and form. Sounds o a language are utterances produces by language speakers, meaning relates to what language expresses about the world we live in or any possible or imaginary world. Meaning in terms of semiotics perspectives usually deals with icon, index and symbol. Icon is a sign in which a perceptible likeness in its form is and what its meaning describes. Index is a sign whose meaning is interpreted from the context in which it is uttered. While symbol, is a sign in which the relationship between its form and meaning is strictly conventional, neither due to physical similarity or contextual constrains (Pierce in Foley 1997:25-26). Form refers to the means by which an element of language is expressed in speech or writing. The crucial effect of the conventionality of relationship between form and meaning in symbol is that, it frees the domain of the symbols meaning from constrains of the immediate context. A word which is a symbol has a sense, a meaning which can be stated via paraphrase and holds across context of usage (Foley 1997: 27). One of the linguistic phenomena that is now striving in Bahasa Indonesia is language deviation. Language deviation is language game by deviating through †plesetan† or deviation. It is a language game by deviating word or sentence or phrase in a new way that may be brought in to a new meaning so the meaning becomes richer than before. This process is known as word deviation process and the result is called deviation words or language. Language deviation helps the speaker to speak politely although the meaning is not polite. This is called euphemism and this is happens because of the situation needs. Euphemism is also used by people to make a joke also to make language to appreciate one another even to say impolite word(s) or sentence(s). This phenomenon is also found in Lamaholot Language. Lamaholot can be defined as a local language spoken in the east most of Flores island including Lembata island. According to Goris Keraf, (? ) Lamaholot language can be classified into thirty five dialects, they are Lamelera, Mulan, Ile Ape, Belang, Lewotala, Imulolo, Lewuka, Kalikasa, Lewokukun, Mingar, Wuakerong, Lewopenutu, Lamahora, Merdeka, Lewoeleng, Lamatuka, Atawolo, Kedang, Kiwangona, Dulhi, Watan, Horowura, Botun, Waiwadan, Lamakera, Ritaebang, Lewolema, Baipito, Waibalun, Bama, Lewolaga, Tanjung, Lewotobi, Pukaunu, and Hewa. Waibalun(Ile Mandiri) dialect is used by people in Waibalun village. Waibalun is located about five kilometers from Larantuka city, which is situated at western area of Larantuka sub district of East Flores Regency. Looking at the phenomena of language deviation that is known striving in Lamaholot language especially in Waibalun dialect, leads the writer to conduct a research under the title: â€Å"AN EUPHEMISM STUDY ON LANGUAGE DEVIATION USED BY YOUNG PEOPLE IN WAIBALUN VILLAGE OF EAST FLORES REGENCY†.

Word Choice Role vs. Roll

Word Choice Role vs. Roll Word Choice: Role vs. Roll Some words, such as â€Å"roll,† have more definitions than is strictly decent. And since it sounds identical to the word â€Å"role,† it is easy to get these terms mixed up. But if you check out our guide to using â€Å"role† and â€Å"roll† correctly, you can be confident your written work will be spelling error free. Role (A Position or Part) We’ll begin with â€Å"role,† since this term has fewer meanings. Its main use is to indicate a position within an organization or system. In particular, being in a specific â€Å"role† usually implies having a purpose or duty: My role as a proofreader is to check texts for errors. Proofreading plays an important role in the publishing industry. The other key use of â€Å"role† is to mean â€Å"part for an actor†: I auditioned for the lead role in the play. One thing to note here is that â€Å"role† is always a noun, never a verb. The Many Meanings of â€Å"Roll† â€Å"Roll† has several uses as a verb and a noun. As a verb, these include: Turn over to face a different direction (e.g., I rolled onto my back) Move via turning (e.g., The car rolled down the hill) Turn something into a ball or tube (e.g., She rolled the clay in her hands) Make something smooth and flat (e.g., Roll out the pastry) Make a continuous, repeated sound (e.g., The thunder rolled loudly) And as a noun, we can use â€Å"roll† to refer to the following: The act of rolling (e.g., I will do a forward roll) Something that has been rolled into a tube (e.g., A roll of carpet) An official list of names (e.g., An electoral roll) A continuous, repeated sound (e.g., A drum roll) A small bread product (e.g., A bread roll) This isn’t even a full list of the uses of â€Å"roll.† For example, a tear can â€Å"roll† down your cheek, and a ship might â€Å"roll† from side to side in rough seas. However, we have covered the main uses of â€Å"roll† above. And the main thing to take away from this is that â€Å"roll† has many definitions! Summary: Role or Roll? The key here is remembering what â€Å"role† means, as this term has fewer uses: The noun role means â€Å"position in a system† or â€Å"part for an actor.† Roll can be either a noun or a verb . Its meanings include turning over, making a low rumbling sound, a list of names, and a small bread product. In essence, then, if you’re referring to a position or part in something, the correct spelling will be â€Å"role.† In any other situation, â€Å"roll† will be correct. But if you want to make doubly sure that your writing is free from errors, you can always have it proofread by our expert editors.

International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

International Business - Essay Example The Cold had ended, with the emergence of one single bloc. The world had become a single ‘market place’ (Eriksen, pp.3, 2007). This was aided by the phenomena, Globalisation. Globalisation is undertaken as a reality, and Renato Ruggeriero has put it aptly, a reality that has overwhelmed all others (Scholte, pp.1, 2000). Globalisation has been aided by free trade and the increment of international businesses. What in essence is free trade? There are various definitions of free trade; free trade is trade that is not held up by national or international laws (Baggini, Fosl, pp.32, 2010). Globalisation is a term that is on everyone’s lips. However, only a few people have had a clear and definitive definition of the term. However, definitions form the basis of an individual’s perceptions and evaluations (Scholte, pp.42, 2000). The definition of globalisation, according to the European Commission is: â€Å"Globalisation can be defined as the process by which mar kets and production in different countries are becoming increasingly interdependent due to the dynamics of trade in goods and services and flow of capitals and technology† (Held, pp. 92, 2000). In essence, increased trade, and international economic activity, faster communication networks define globalisation. In a way, globalisation has led to the compression of the world. Due to this, the world has been brought closer, in different ways, for better or for worse (Eriksen, pp.4, 2007). The beginning of the paper will identify the benefits that have been brought due to increased trade and international business. The neo-liberals largely advocate the working of the free market, and in effect promote free trade. A very common theory that promotes free trade is that of comparative advantage. This theory assumes that there are two countries in the world, each producing one single good. In a way, these two countries will only produce goods in which they are better off, because it wi ll be more profitable, and exchange the goods with each other. Therefore, ‘comparative advantage theory’ is the rationale for free trade. For example, India and China have a comparative advantage in the production of clothing because of cheap labor. In addition, Japan has a comparative advantage in electronic equipment because it has a technological edge (Gitman & McDaniel, pp.73, 2008). David Ricardo gave this theory. Technically speaking, the consumption frontier of a country will lie outside the production frontier of a company due to free trade (Thirlwall & Lopez, pp.7, 2008). In addition, another rationale for free trade has been the neoclassical factor endowment theory. This theory argues that it is not because of â€Å"technological differences that free trade is required, but because different countries are endowed with different factor supplies† (Todaro & Smith, pp. 560-565, 2003). In a sense, neoclassical thinkers suggest that trade has provided nations with the opportunity to capitalize on those resources which are abundant (Todaro & Smith, pp 561, 2003) In addition, although globalisation has received much criticism, a closer look into statistics will also show that globalisation has created wealth and jobs. Because of globalisation, livings standards have greatly improved, because a large consumer market is created. International competition also keeps prices down, therefore keeping the risk of inflation quite low. For example, since 1997,

Team Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Team Communication - Essay Example Team development can be achieved by effective communication which increased cohesiveness of the team. These types of work structures require a whole new notion of collaboration-collaboration with external constituencies. A potential impediment to the success of work teams comes from differences in employee preferences and values. Just as some cultures are more individualistic or more collectivistic than others, individuals within cultures also vary on this dimension-even though there is, on average, more variation across cultures than within cultures. For example, when faced with the prospect of moving to a team-based work environment, some employees in a study conducted in the United States expressed concerns that reflected their individualistic values. "The communication gauge is read by individually asking team members about the purpose of what they do, why this project exists, and what success looks like for the purpose of team understanding" (Thompson and Border 2008, p. 10). Nu merous impediments will challenge the effective implementation of teams across national contexts, including the inherent time lag between implementation and results, the often tenuous relationships between teams, cultural differences that require adaptations in practices to fit the context, and increasing domestic demographic diversity within nations. As temporary team structures, multicultural teams, and virtual teams proliferate, these team-savvy practitioners will be able to lead their organizations through successful implementation and use of teams in multinational contexts (Hermelis et al 2008). In addition to increasing the likelihood of informal communication through increased contact, proximity increases the quality of communication. By high-quality communication, we mean two-way interactions involving more than one sensory channel. The opportunity for interactions of this type is especially important during the initiation and planning stages of a project, when the need for a rich communication modality is strongest. In addition to increasing the likelihood of informal communication through increased contact, proximity increases the quality of communication. By high-quality communication, we mean two-way interactions involving more than one sensory channel. t (Thompson and Border 2008). The main challenges of team communication are diversity (cultural, age and gender and different perspectives on the research projects. Having multiple opportunities for high-quality, low-cost interactions makes it possible for potential collaborators to find each other and to manage their work efficiently. Without these opportunities for informal communication, collaborations don't get started, and if the opportunity for informal communication declines, collaborative work typically slows down, becomes more burdensome and, sometimes, comes to an end. Teams in individualistic cultures appear to be particularly susceptible to overconfidence. "That the biases inherent in self-selection could skew the exit questionnaires and thus our research findings." (Hermelis et al 2008, p. 342). Individualists view their team as an entity in and of itself rather than one that is connected to the external context and are therefore even less apt to use external sources of information to make correction s in their behavior and improve their performance. Particularly in

The Assembly Line & Henry Ford :: essays research papers fc

Ford's Assembly Line Assembly Line The assembly line has changed the world as drastically as it has been changed by the world since it began. It brought people together to work as a group toward all achieving the same goal. Henry Ford was only aiming to bring cars into the homes of the average citizen when he made the most significant to the assembly line since its inventor, Eli Whitney. Henry Ford not only achieved this goal, but his legacy is still carried on today. Assembly lines of cars as well as many other househo appliances have helped shape the twenty-first century. The assembly line has brought together many workers together to work only on their specific part of a car, therefore building them much faster. This is done using many separate steps. First, the parts of the car are made, and the frame is placed on a conveyor belt. Workers are stationed along the belt to form an assembly line. As the conveyor belt moves the car, each worker performs a task that they are specialized in. Each worker must perform their task quickly and precisely, because f one worker stops, the entire line will have to either slow down or stop completely to wait. The modern assembly line as we know it would not exist without the contributions of Henry Ford. Ford was born in 1863. In 1903, at the age of forty, he founded Ford Motor Company. He Mooney 2 began the use of the car assembly line that is now commonplace by using it to build the famed model-T in 1908. When Ford began putting the mass-produced cars on the market, they could offer their cars for so much less than their competition that the co etition had to upgrade the features of their cars drastically just to compete. Eventually, other car companies also began to use assembly lines. Ford began to falter and was passed in sales by Oldsmobile in 1927. Ford had to come up with a new sales pitch in time to avert disaster. Later that same year, Ford began rolling the model-A off of their assembly lines. The automobile age had begun, and there was a car parked in front of almost every home in the post-depression United States. In conclusion, the automobile assembly line helped launch the US into the twentieth century. The assembly line has made a profound impact on not only the United States, but on the entire world. It has brought not only cars, but electric appliances and many other products into the homes of people who otherwise could never have afforded them. The operation of the assembly line has also been changed profoundly by

The Potential Worries of Individual Visit Scheme

Recently, Individual Visit Scheme (IVS) has become a controversial topic in Hong Kong. Online forums, newspapers and magazines are weighing the pros and cons of the scheme every day. Undoubtedly, it boosts the Hong Kong tourism. However, it has led to several drawbacks to Hong Kong in resource allocation, culture differentiation and livelihood. To commence with, for resource allocation, IVS greatly makes the distribution of resources in Hong Kong become chaotic.After the implementation of IVS, more and more Mainland visitors go to Hong Kong and cause disorder of resources in medical services, local products and housing prices. According to delivery statistics of non-local pregnant women from Hong Kong Hospital Authority, the number of non-eligible persons admitted via Accident and Emergency Department increases from 796 in 2010 to 888 in 2012 January to September, which means the workload of front-line medical consultants is increasing.Since the supply of medical consultants has been in shortage already, the medical services in Hong Kong are not enough and in severe burden to afford. In addition, many local newspapers like Mingpao and Appledaily report that a number of Mainland tourists spend lots of money purchasing daily products during their visit. For example, in Sheung Shui, Mainland parallel traders make use of IVS and â€Å"One Issuance Multiple Entries Visa† to buy tins of milk powder, tissues and wines, which led to the deficiency of daily supplies in North District.In other words, citizens in North District cannot enjoy the use of local products as the resource allocation is inadequate. Aside from local products, resource allotment of housing is also troublesome. Based on a study conducted by Hong Kong Research Association, it reveals that with 1080 interviewees, 84 per cent of them think that through IVS, Mainland people in Hong Kong have raised the cost of building. It explains that buildings built by either the Government or property develop ment companies cannot ease the housing problem for local citizens, which, however, benefits people from Mainland.This shows that the resources are not used by the local, but by Mainlanders including tourists in IVS. Secondly, implementing IVS increases conflicts between Hongkongers and Mainlanders due to cultural difference. For example, Mainland parents allow their children to foul everywhere. Netizens in many Internet forums like hkgolden discussed such incidents. They commented this behavior critically and caused conflicts between people in Hong Kong and Mainland due to different cultural levels.Besides, in April, to attract Mainland visitors and become more customer-friendly, agnes b. in Tseung Kwan O, whose news was reported by SCMP, used simplified Chinese words instead of traditional words in its menus. Treating that as an invasion of Hong Kong culture, Hong Kong citizens were furious of seeing the simplified Chinese words appearing in Hong Kong and tried to boycott it. Moreo ver, in January, SCMP reported that there was a rally over ‘photo ban' about retailer Dolce & Gabbana, which was a human rights and cultural unfairness between Mainlanders and Hong Kong people.These incidents have further worsened the relationship between Mainland tourists through IVS and local citizens because of cultural differentiation. Apart from consequences caused by culture difference, IVS produces various living problems to local citizens which make disturbance to their living. Some politicians may think that IVS can improve the Hong Kong economy and hence increase the living standards of local citizens, especially the underprivileged. It is, however, a wrong prediction. Scholar Francis T.Lui (2009) accounts for this statement: Hong Kong should pay for the consequence of IVS. For example, the European and American brands, milk powder and other products are not made in Hong Kong, so that Hong Kong can be assigned limited profits. For the Mainland visitors going shopping in Hong Kong, it also increases rents and prices of goods, which deteriorates the living standards of the local people. Furthermore, the owner of â€Å"Subculture† Pang Chi Ming adds his opinion about the consequences that IVS has brought: The consuming ability of Mainland visitors makes Hong Kong lose her local style.For example, shops in Mongkok are occupied by pharmacies, jewelry stores, electronics stores and cosmetics shops which welcome Mainland tourists. It also makes local citizens lose a place for recreational use. Increased crimes also lower the lifestyle in Hong Kong. According to the Hong Kong Police crime figures of Comparison of 2012 and 2011 Crime Situation, from January to October in 2012, the total number of crimes committed by Mainland visitors increases 9. 7% compared with the same period in 2011.In the past, such criminals were mostly illegal immigrants, but now they do not take risks to go to Hong Kong illegally. They can go to Hong Kong by IVS, then com mit crimes and cause troubles to our living. Such results and shocking statistics have deprived Hongkongers of the way of life. To conclude, IVS causes different disadvantages to Hong Kong in allocating resources, cultural relationship with China and the living standards. It is hoped that the Hong Kong Government should and must pay attention to and deal with these potential worries for the sake of the plight of local people.

An Introduction to the Jack the Ripper Mystery

Someone in London murdered and mutilated a number of prostitutes during the autumn of 1888; the press went into a frenzy, politicians pointed the finger at each other, hoaxers polluted the investigation, and one of several nicknames stuck: Jack the Ripper. Over a century later, Jacks identity has never been wholly proven (there isnt even a leading suspect), most aspects of the case are still debated, and the Ripper is an infamous cultural bogeyman. The Enduring Mystery The Rippers identity has never been established and people have never stopped looking: the publishing rates average is a new book a year since 1888 (although most of these have come in recent decades). Unfortunately, the wealth of Ripper source material — letters, reports, diaries,  and photographs — provides enough depth for detailed and fascinating research, but too few facts for any incontrovertible conclusions. Just about everything about Jack the Ripper is open to debate and the best you can get is a consensus. People are still finding new suspects  or new ways to reframe old suspects, and books are still flying off the shelves. There is no better mystery. The Crimes Traditionally, Jack the Ripper is considered to have killed five women, all London prostitutes, during 1888: Mary Ann Polly Nichols on August 31, Annie Chapman on September 8, Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Eddowes on September 30 and Mary Jane (Marie Jeanette) Kelly on November 9. In practice, there is no agreed list: the most popular change is to discount Stride and/or Kelly, sometimes adding Martha Tabram, killed August 7th. Authors naming more than eight have achieved very little consensus. At the time Polly Nichols was sometimes considered the second or third person to have been killed by the same person, and plenty of later investigators have searched the world in search of similar killings to see if the Ripper moved on. The Ripper generally killed by strangling his victims, then laying them down and cutting the arteries in their throats; this was followed by a varied process of mutilation, during which parts of the body were removed and kept. Because Jack did this quickly, often in the dark, and because he seemed to have great anatomical knowledge, people have assumed the Ripper had a doctors or surgeons training. As with much of the case, there is no consensus — a contemporary thought him simply a blunderer. There have been accusations that the missing organs werent stolen from the bodies by the Ripper, but by people dealing with them later. Evidence for this is scant. The Letters and Nicknames During the autumn and winter of 1888/89, a number of letters circulated among the police and newspapers, all claiming to be from the Whitechapel murderer; these include the From Hell letter and one accompanied by part of a kidney (which may have matched a kidney taken from one of the victims, but like everything Jack, were not a hundred percent sure). Ripperologists consider most, if not all, of the letters to be hoaxes, but their impact at the time was considerable, if only because one contained the first use of Jack the Ripper, a nickname the papers swiftly adopted and which is now synonymous. Horror, Media, and Culture The Ripper killings were neither obscure nor ignored at the time. There was gossip and fear in the streets, questions at high levels of government,  and offers of rewards and resignations when nobody was caught. Political reformers used the Ripper in arguments and policemen struggled with the limited techniques of the time. Indeed, the Ripper case remained high profile enough for many of the police involved to write private accounts years later. However, it was the media who made Jack the Ripper. By 1888, literacy was common amongst the crowded citizens of London and newspapers reacted to the Whitechapel Murderer, whom they initially christened Leather Apron, with the frenzy we expect from modern tabloids, stirring opinions, fact,  and theory – along with the probably hoaxed Ripper letters – together to create a legend which seeped into popular culture. From the very start, Jack doubled as a figure from the horror genre, a bogeyman to scare your kids. A century later, Jack the Ripper is still hugely famous world over, an unknown criminal at the center of a global manhunt. But he is more than that, hes the focus of novels, films, musicals,  and even a six-inch high model plastic figure. Jack the Ripper was the first serial killer adopted by the modern media age and hes been at the forefront ever since, mirroring the evolution of western culture. Other serial killers who have murdered prostitutes include New Yorks most prolific murderer, Joel Rifkin. Will the Mystery Be Solved? Its extremely unlikely anyone will be able to use the existing evidence to prove, beyond all reasonable doubt, who Jack the Ripper was and, while people are still uncovering material, the discovery of something unarguable has to be regarded as a long-shot. Fortunately, the mystery is so fascinating because you can do your own reading, draw your own conclusions and, with some critical thinking, generally have as much chance of being right as everyone else! Suspects range from people the detectives at the time suspected (such as George Chapman / Klosowski), to a whole gallery of strange suggestions, which include no less than Lewis Carroll, a royal doctor, Inspector Abberline himself, and someone who even blamed their relative decades later after finding some tenuous items.